INTRODUCTION:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the endocrine conditions that affect women of reproductive age most frequently. Infertility, endometrial cancer, metabolic problems, and cardiovascular disease are all
risks for polycystic ovary syndrome affected women. It is possible to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome at an early stage and improve quality of life (QoL) by being aware of the indications and symptoms of the condition.¹

The imbalance between a woman's levels of the sex hormones progesterone and estrogen is known as polycystic ovarian syndrome. Ovarian cysts—benign lumps of the ovaries—grow as a result. Polycystic ovary syndrome can affect a woman's menstrual cycle, fertility, cardiac health, and physical attractiveness. Weight gain, irregular periods, infertility, facial hair, acne, hair loss, and a tendency toward diabetes are all indications of classic polycystic ovary syndrome.²

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Farideh Malekzadeh et.al. 2023 Conducted cross sectional study to assess the awareness of Polycystic ovary syndrome among school girls and their mothersin Tehran. The result was Students had an average age of 16.97 ± 0.84 years and their mothers' average age was 45.19 ± 5.03 years. The average body mass index (BMI) of the students was 22.01 ± 5.54 kg/m2. The results of this study showed that only 48 students (3.2%) and 148 mothers (27%) had acceptable knowledge about PCOS. The knowledge of students about PCOS was positively related to their mothers' knowledge about PCOS (P<0.001).¹

Due to lack of awareness and health education gap, they don’t able to differentiate between PMS symptoms and PCOS symptoms. They neglect their condition which is untreated and further problem of PCOS is increase day by day. We experienced that mostly adolescents girls had limited knowledge about polycystic ovary syndrome. So there is need to up to date their knowledge about their causes, symptoms, treatment and lifestyle habits. So we felt that awareness through teaching programme is effective way for adolescent girls to equip themselves with latest information about treatment and lifestyle habits which help to reduce the prevalence of new cases.

STATEMENT PROBLEM:

A Pre-Experimental Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Adolescent Girls studying in selected Senior Secondary School, Amritsar, Punjab.

OBJECTIVES:

1. To Assess the Pre-test knowledge Score regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among adolescent girls studying in senior secondary school, Amritsar, Punjab.

2. To Assess the Post- test knowledge Score regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among adolescents girls studying in senior secondary school, Amritsar, Punjab.

3. To compare the Pre test and Post test knowledge Score regarding Polycystic ovary syndrome among adolescent girls to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme.

4. To find out the association between pre-test Knowledge score with selected sociodemographic variables.

HYPOTHESIS:

H₀The Post Test mean score regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Adolescent Girls will not be significant at the level of p<0.05.

H₁The Post Test mean score regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Adolescent Girls will be significant higher at the level of p<0.05.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK:

The conceptual framework selected for the present study is based on General System Theory in which input output throughput and feedback are essential components. It was first introduced by Ludwig Von Bertalofty. Ludwig Von Bertalanffy defined system as a complex interaction which means the system consists of two or more connected elements which form an organized interest with each other system uses input through self regulation to maintain the system stability or equilibrium and energy are continuously processed through the system and released as output. The operational and feed information of environment responses to the system’s output.

In the present study, input is the Structured Teaching Program on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Throughput is transformation in the knowledge level of adolescent girls studying in senior secondary schools and output is the changes in any element of the system in another element i.e. knowledge changes.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Malekzadeh F, Mohammadi M, et.al (2023) Conducted a cross sectional study to assess the awareness of PCOS among 1580 school girls and 480 mothers by using questionnaire method. The result of which were find that only 48 students (3.2%) and 148 mothers (27%) had adequate knowledge.

Abraham E, Pathak G, et.al (2023) assessed the effectiveness of educational intervention on the knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among 60 nursing students of fourth year in Udaipur City. Results of the study were in pre-test 52(86.7%) had inadequate knowledge, 8(13.3%) had moderate knowledge. After teaching, the effective result were found that 52(86.7%) had adequate, 7 (11.7%) had moderate and 1 (1.7%) had inadequate knowledge in post test.

METHODS:

The qualitative research approach was used in the present study. The research design was pre experimental to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program

O¹ × O²

Research variables:

Study variables:

Knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Socio- demographics variables:

Class, age, type of residence, menarche age, medically diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, socio-economic status, mother education, source of information, and family member in medical profession.

Selection and description of study:

This research study was conducted in Selected Senior Secondary school, Amritsar

Population:

It refers to the set of individuals having common characteristics selected for study in present study population were adolescent girls

Sample:

Sample of the present study were 100 adolescent girls studying in Selected Senior secondary school, Amritsar, Punjab and were selected by using convenient sampling.

Description of tool:

The tool consisted in two sections

Section A: It consisted of selected socio demographic variables such as Class, age, type of residence, menarche age, medically diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, socio-economic status, mother education, source of information, and family member in medical profession.

Section B: It included a self-structured multiple choice questionnaire regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome to assess the knowledge of the adolescent girls in Selected Senior secondary schools, Amritsar. Total number of items were 25. Each item has a score of 1 mark for correct answer and 0 marks for incorrect answer.

Maximum Score = 25

Minimum Score = 0

Data collection procedure:

The data collection for the study was carried out from adolescent girls who were studying in selected Senior Secondary school, Amritsar. The sample consisted of 100 students. Prior to data collection procedure, the formal permission was obtained from the principal of CKD international Nursing College and from the principal of selected Senior Secondary schools prior to data collection, the investigator gave her introduction to the adolescent girls who are available at the time of data collection on permitted time. The procedure of the data was carried out in the month of January 2024. The total group sample consist of 100 subjects. The tool was given to the adolescent girls and got filled by them. Pre-test was taken and thereafter structured teaching program was given to them with the help of lesson plan and AV-aids. The investigator spent 30 min to complete the teaching. Post test was taken after teaching within 30 minutes.

Analysis and interpretations:

Table – 1 Frequency and percentage distribution of demographic data of adolescent girls

Demographic data	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%).
Class
+1	53	53%
+2	47	47%
Age ( in years)
16 years	38	38%
17 years	37	37%
18 years	25	25%
Residence
Rural Area	25	25%
Urban Area	75	75%
Menarche Age (in years)
11-12 years	26	26%
13-14 years	57	57%
Above 15 years	17	17%
Medically diagnosed PCOS
Yes	33	33%
No	67	67%
Socio-economic status ( income in Rs.)
< 10, 000	23	23%
10, 000 – 25, 000	47	47%
>25000	30	30%
Mother education
Illiterate	16	16%
Upto 12 th	55	55%
Upto graduate	17	17%
Above graduate	12	12%
Source of information
Family	32	32%
Peer group	29	29%
Social media	24	24%
Medical personal	15	15%
Family member in medical profession
Yes	18	18%
No	82	82%

Table 1 reveals the frequency and percentage distribution of characteristics of the study subjects. Total 100 adolescent girls were taken to assess knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Demographic characteristics were analysed and presented in frequency and percentage data given in table no 1. Distribution of study subjects according to class revealed that majority of the adolescent girls (53%) were studying in 11^th standard followed by (47%) in 12^th. According to Age group (38%) adolescent girls belong to 16 years, (37%) belongs to 17 years followed by (25%) were 18 years. Type of residence depicts that majority (75%) belongs to urban area and (25%) residing in rural area. According to menarche age majority of adolescent girls (57%) belong to the 13-14 years, (26%) belongs to 11-12 years and (17%) belongs to above 15 years. (33%) adolescent girls diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome followed by (67%) were not diagnosed by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. As per Socio-economic status majority, (47%) belongs income to 10,000 – 25, 000 followed by (23%) belongs to Rs. <10,000 and (30%), >25, 000. (55%) mothers of adolescent girls were qualified upto 12^th followed by 17% graduate, 12% above graduate and 16% mothers were illiterate. (32%) adolescent girls were acquired knowledge regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome from their family, (29%) from their peer groups, (24%) from social media or (15%) from medical personnel. Majority of adolescent girls (82%) have no family member in medical profession followed by (18%) adolescent girls had family member in medical profession.

Objective: To compare pre test and post test knowledge score regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among adolescent girls.

Table 2:- Comparison between pre test and post test

	N	Mean	SD	Df	t
Pre – test	100	7.20	3.959	99	24.955
Post – test	100	19.81	3.293

P<0.05

Table 2 Depict that pre test mean knowledge score of adolescent girls was 7.20 and post test mean knowledge score was 19.81. The difference between pre and post test mean knowledge score was statistically significant at p<0.005 level calculated by t -test.

Hence, research Hypothesis was accepted thus, it was adjudged that structured teaching program had effective impact in improving knowledge regarding polycystic ovary syndrome of adolescent girls.

DISCUSSION:

In present study, the researcher analysed that in pre – test maximum no of adolescent girls had below average knowledge (66%) followed by (34%) average knowledge. These findings are consistent with the results of Scharel S et al 2022, the findings of the study showed that 60% students had average knowledge, 38.3% had good knowledge or 16.6% had poor knowledge. In Post test maximum no of adolescent girls had good knowledge (78%) followed by (22%) average knowledge. These findings are consistent with the results of N Patil, MD Imran Patel et al, results show that the percentage of knowledge score in pre-test was 42.16% and in the post-test 80.76%. the researcher analysed pre test knowledge mean and SD of adolescent girls was 7.20(3.959) and post test knowledge mean and SD was 19.81(3.293). Elina Abraham, Gaurav Pathak et al 2022 studied that effectiveness of educational intervention on knowledge regarding polycystic ovary syndrome among nursing students, that proved mean pre-test score was 6.8+3.4. Whereas mean post test knowledge score was 21.3+3. The mean difference was 14.8, t-test value 56.5 which was significant at p = 0.05 level. In present study age was found statistically significant at p<0.05 level and other demographic varibles were found statistically non -significant whereas Alexander Muacevic and John R Adler et al carried out study to assess awareness among adolescent girls regarding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, revealed that age group, educational level, family income and BMI was found statistically non-significant at p<0.05 level.

CONCLUSION:

The present study shows that though adolescent girls are lacking in knowledge, skill and practice in managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on the assessment, the researcher prepared a Structured Teaching Programme which explains the meaning, causes, symptoms and prevention of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome This can be useful to all adolescent girls who have risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

REFERENCES:

1. Farideh Malekzadeh. Awareness of Polycystic ovarian syndrome among school girls and their mothers: A cross sectional study. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2023;17(4): 299.

2. Patil N, Patel I. A cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and prevalence of risk factors of Polycystic ovarian syndrome among undergraduate women, Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Science. 2023; 4(2): 10-18.

3. Malekzadeh F, Mohammadi M. A cross sectional study to assess the awareness of Polycystic ovary syndrome among school girls and their mothers in Tehran (capital of Iran). International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2023; 17(4): 299.

4. Abraham E, Pathak G, Effectiveness of educational Intervention on knowledge regardimg Polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students of fourth year in Udaipur city. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2022; 12(7): 123-129.

5. Scharel S.A descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding Polycystic ovarian syndrome among nursing students in Nee Delhi. International Journal of Nursing and Rodriguez. 2020; 7(3): 42-45.

6. Rodriguez D. Psychiatric disorders in women with Polycystic ovary syndrome. Psychiatric Pol. 2019; 53(4): 955-66.

7. Balaji S, Prasad S, urban rural comparisons of Polycystic ovary syndrome burden among aadolescents girls in a hospital setting in India. Bio Med Research International. 2015.

Received on 07.11.2025 Revised on 04.12.2025

Accepted on 24.01.2026 Published on 30.04.2026

Available online from May 02, 2026

Int. J. Nursing Education and Research. 2026;14(2):125-128.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2026.00025

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